Which statement best describes qualitative risk assessment in PM?

• A. It uses non-numeric data to estimate magnitude
• B. It relies on descriptive, non-numeric data for rapid assessment
• C. It uses numerical data and statistics
• D. It cannot inform decision-making

Answer: (B)

Qualitative risk assessment in preventive medicine relies on descriptive, non-numeric information to judge risk levels quickly. Instead of calculating exact probabilities or magnitudes with numbers, it uses expert judgment, checklists, and qualitative scales (like low/medium/high or red/amber/green) to categorize risk and decide where to focus actions. This approach shines when time is short or data are sparse, enabling rapid prioritization of surveillance, interventions, and resources. It guides decisions about what to do next even without precise numerical estimates, whereas quantitative assessment would require numerical data and statistics. This method is specifically about enabling timely action and prioritization, not about denying the ability to inform decisions.